Travel and tourism had become one of the most important sectors in the global economy before COVID-19, accounting for 10 per cent of global GDP and more than 320 million jobs worldwide. Given the immediate and massive shock to the tourism industry, the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has triggered an unprecedented crisis. People lived in a mobile world and assumed that until Covid-19 arrived, they would maintain the status quo in mobility; sadly, the pandemic has threatened the lives and lifestyles of millions of people. As a result, most countries declared lockdowns as a precautionary measure to prevent social distancing in the event that Covid-19 spreads.
With over 1.4 billion domestic travellers in the COVID-19 pre-pandemic period, people have strong longings to travel and that desire is an internal force that drives people to fulfill physical and psychological needs for escape, recreation, relaxation, prestige, novelty, adventure, and social interaction steers one’s motivation…