South Korea has recorded its ninth case of mpox, also known as monkeypox. The infected patient is a South Korean resident with no travel history in the weeks before symptoms arose, leading experts to suspect that this is a local transmission case. Mpox is an acute, rash illness caused by a viral infection with a reported fatality rate of less than 1%. The disease is most commonly transmitted through sexual contact and contact with skin lesions. In response to the rising number of cases, the government has raised the crisis alert level from “concern” to “caution” and will be strengthening its response measures. Healthcare providers are urged to wear protective equipment when caring for suspected patients, and the public is encouraged to report any suspected symptoms to their local public health centers.